Usmonov Shuhrat Zaurovich

Annotation:

This study examines approaches to energy-efficient and sustainable design of residential buildings in various climatic zones of Tajikistan based on the Passive House concept. The analysis of the country’s climatic characteristics and their impact on thermal protection requirements for buildings is presented. Architectural and structural solutions of a Passive House are described, including enhanced insulation of building envelopes, elimination of thermal bridges, optimal orientation and compact form of the building, as well as the use of energy-efficient windows and solar-shading systems. Engineering systems of a Passive House — balanced ventilation with heat recovery and the use of alternative energy sources — and their adaptation to local conditions are also explored. Special attention is given to the use of local construction materials to reduce the carbon footprint and improve the sustainability of building practices. A techno-economic comparative analysis between Passive Houses and conventional buildings Паёми политехникӣ. БАХШИ ТАҲҚИҚОТҲОИ МУҲАНДИСӢ. № 1 (73) 2026 183 shows that Passive Houses can reduce heating energy consumption by 70–90 %, while requiring only a moderate increase in initial investment. Examples of implemented energy-efficient housing projects in Tajikistan and neighboring Central Asian countries are provided. The results of the study demonstrate that the Passive House concept, when adapted to the extreme climatic conditions of Tajikistan, can significantly improve the energy efficiency and sustainability of residential construction, ensuring a comfortable indoor environment with minimal energy consumption.

Keywords: passive house, energy efficiency, sustainable construction, residential buildings, thermal protection, heatrecovery ventilation, Tajikistan